Python matplotlib plotly绘制图表详解

一、整理数据

以300部电影作为数据源

import pandas as pd 
cnboo=pd.read_excel("cnbonppd1.xls")

cnboo 

import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np 
import matplotlib as mpl
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt 
import pandas as pd 
from datetime import datetime,timedelta
%matplotlib inline
plt.rcparams['font.sans-serif']=['simhei'] # 用来正常显示中文标签
plt.rcparams['axes.unicode_minus']=false # 用来正常显示负号
from datetime import datetime 

! pip install plotly # 安装
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import plotly
from plotly.offline import download_plotlyjs,init_notebook_mode,plot,iplot

x=cnboo['bo'].tolist()
y=cnboo['persons'].tolist()
dict01={"x":x,"y":y}
dict01

二、折线图

# 折线图
iplot([dict01])

三、散点图

import plotly.graph_objs as go
iplot([go.scatter(x=x,y=y,mode='markers')])

# 随机生成的点图
import numpy as np
iplot([go.scatter(x=np.random.randn(100),y=np.random.randn(100),mode='markers')])

go 

trace=go.scatter(x=cnboo['price'],y=y,mode='markers',)
data=[trace]
iplot(data)

trace=go.scatter(x=cnboo['price'],y=y,mode='markers',marker=dict(color='red',size=9,opacity=0.4))
data=[trace]
iplot(data)

四、饼图

colors=['#dc2624','#2b4750','#45a0a2','#e87a59','#7dcaa9','#649e7d','#dc8018',
       '#c89f91','#6c6d6c','#4f6268','#c7cccf']

filmtype=cnboo['type']
filmbo=cnboo['price']
trace=go.pie(labels=filmtype,values=filmbo,
            hoverinfo='label+percent',textinfo='value',textfont=dict(size=10),
             marker=dict(colors=colors,line=dict(color='#000000',width=3)))
data=[trace]

iplot(data)

filmtype=cnboo['type']
filmbo=cnboo['price']
trace=go.pie(labels=filmtype,values=filmbo,
            hoverinfo='label+percent',textinfo='value',textfont=dict(size=12),
             marker=dict(colors=colors))
data=[trace]
iplot(data)

五、柱形图

# plotly bar
trace1=go.bar(x=cnboo['type'],y=cnboo['price'],name="类型与票价")
trace2=go.bar(x=cnboo['type'],y=y,name="类型与人数")
layout=go.layout(title="中国电影类型与票价，人数的关系",xaxis=dict(title='电影类型'))
data=[trace1,trace2]
fig=go.figure(data,layout=layout)
iplot(fig)

六、点图（设置多个go对象）

trace1=go.scatter(x=cnboo['type'],y=cnboo['price'],name="类型与票价",mode="markers",
                  marker=dict(color="red",size=8))
trace2=go.scatter(x=cnboo['type'],y=cnboo['persons'],name="类型与人数",mode="markers",
                  marker=dict(color="blue",size=5))
data=[trace1,trace2]
iplot(data)

trace1=go.scatter(x=cnboo['type'],y=cnboo['price'],name="类型与票价",mode="markers",
                  marker=dict(color="red",size=8))
trace2=go.scatter(x=cnboo['type'],y=cnboo['persons'],name="类型与人数",mode="markers",
                  marker=dict(color="blue",size=5))
layout=go.layout(title="中国电影类型与票价，人数的关系",plot_bgcolor="#ffffff")
data=[trace1,trace2]
fig=go.figure(data,layout=layout)
iplot(fig)

七、2d密度图

import plotly.figure_factory as ff

fig=ff.create_2d_density(x,y,colorscale=colors,hist_color='#dc2624',point_size=5)
iplot(fig,filename='评分与人次')

colorscale=['rgb(20, 38, 220)',
 'rgb(255, 255, 255)'] # 最后一个颜色都是调用背景

fig=ff.create_2d_density(x,y,colorscale=colorscale,hist_color='#dc2624',point_size=5)
iplot(fig,filename='评分与人次')

八、简单3d图

layout=go.layout(title="中国电影票房与人次，票价的关系",barmode="group") 

trace01=go.scatter3d(
    x=cnboo['bo'],
    y=cnboo['price'],
    z=cnboo['persons'],
    mode='markers',
    marker=dict(size=12,color=colors,colorscale='viridis',
               opacity=0.5,showscale=true)  #opacity是透明度
)

data=[trace01]
fig=go.figure(data=data,layout=layout)
iplot(fig,filename='3d')

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