导语
提到《俄罗斯方块》（tetris），那真是几乎无人不知无人不晓。
其历史之悠久，可玩性之持久，能手轻轻一挥，吊打一大波游戏。
对于绝大多数小友而言，《俄罗斯方块》的规则根本无需多言——将形状不一的方块填满一行消除即可。
这款火了30几年的《俄罗斯方块》游戏之前就已经写过的哈，往期的pygame合集里面可以找找看！
但今天木木子介绍的是《俄罗斯方块》的新作——实现ai自动玩儿游戏。
估计会让你三观尽毁，下巴掉落，惊呼：我玩了假游戏吧！
正文
移动、掉落、填充、消除！
木木子·你我的童年回忆《俄罗斯方块ai版本》已正式上线！
代码由三部分组成 tetris.py、tetris_model.py 和 tetris_ai.py游戏的主要逻辑由 tetis 控制，model 定义了方块的样式，ai 顾名思义实现了主要的 ai 算法。
1)tetris.py
class tetris(qmainwindow):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.isstarted = false
self.ispaused = false
self.nextmove = none
self.lastshape = shape.shapenone
self.initui()
def initui(self):
self.gridsize = 22
self.speed = 10
self.timer = qbasictimer()
self.setfocuspolicy(qt.strongfocus)
hlayout = qhboxlayout()
self.tboard = board(self, self.gridsize)
hlayout.addwidget(self.tboard)
self.sidepanel = sidepanel(self, self.gridsize)
hlayout.addwidget(self.sidepanel)
self.statusbar = self.statusbar()
self.tboard.msg2statusbar[str].connect(self.statusbar.showmessage)
self.start()
self.center()
self.setwindowtitle('ai俄罗斯方块儿')
self.show()
self.setfixedsize(self.tboard.width() + self.sidepanel.width(),
self.sidepanel.height() + self.statusbar.height())
def center(self):
screen = qdesktopwidget().screengeometry()
size = self.geometry()
self.move((screen.width() - size.width()) // 2, (screen.height() - size.height()) // 2)
def start(self):
if self.ispaused:
return
self.isstarted = true
self.tboard.score = 0
board_data.clear()
self.tboard.msg2statusbar.emit(str(self.tboard.score))
board_data.createnewpiece()
self.timer.start(self.speed, self)
def pause(self):
if not self.isstarted:
return
self.ispaused = not self.ispaused
if self.ispaused:
self.timer.stop()
self.tboard.msg2statusbar.emit("paused")
else:
self.timer.start(self.speed, self)
self.updatewindow()
def updatewindow(self):
self.tboard.updatedata()
self.sidepanel.updatedata()
self.update()
def timerevent(self, event):
if event.timerid() == self.timer.timerid():
if tetris_ai and not self.nextmove:
self.nextmove = tetris_ai.nextmove()
if self.nextmove:
k = 0
while board_data.currentdirection != self.nextmove[0] and k < 4:
board_data.rotateright()
k += 1
k = 0
while board_data.currentx != self.nextmove[1] and k < 5:
if board_data.currentx > self.nextmove[1]:
board_data.moveleft()
elif board_data.currentx < self.nextmove[1]:
board_data.moveright()
k += 1
# lines = board_data.dropdown()
lines = board_data.movedown()
self.tboard.score += lines
if self.lastshape != board_data.currentshape:
self.nextmove = none
self.lastshape = board_data.currentshape
self.updatewindow()
else:
super(tetris, self).timerevent(event)
def keypressevent(self, event):
if not self.isstarted or board_data.currentshape == shape.shapenone:
super(tetris, self).keypressevent(event)
return
key = event.key()
if key == qt.key_p:
self.pause()
return
if self.ispaused:
return
elif key == qt.key_left:
board_data.moveleft()
elif key == qt.key_right:
board_data.moveright()
elif key == qt.key_up:
board_data.rotateleft()
elif key == qt.key_space:
self.tboard.score += board_data.dropdown()
else:
super(tetris, self).keypressevent(event)
self.updatewindow()
def drawsquare(painter, x, y, val, s):
colortable = [0x000000, 0xcc6666, 0x66cc66, 0x6666cc,
0xcccc66, 0xcc66cc, 0x66cccc, 0xdaaa00]
if val == 0:
return
color = qcolor(colortable[val])
painter.fillrect(x + 1, y + 1, s - 2, s - 2, color)
painter.setpen(color.lighter())
painter.drawline(x, y + s - 1, x, y)
painter.drawline(x, y, x + s - 1, y)
painter.setpen(color.darker())
painter.drawline(x + 1, y + s - 1, x + s - 1, y + s - 1)
painter.drawline(x + s - 1, y + s - 1, x + s - 1, y + 1)
class sidepanel(qframe):
def __init__(self, parent, gridsize):
super().__init__(parent)
self.setfixedsize(gridsize * 5, gridsize * board_data.height)
self.move(gridsize * board_data.width, 0)
self.gridsize = gridsize
def updatedata(self):
self.update()
def paintevent(self, event):
painter = qpainter(self)
minx, maxx, miny, maxy = board_data.nextshape.getboundingoffsets(0)
dy = 3 * self.gridsize
dx = (self.width() - (maxx - minx) * self.gridsize) / 2
val = board_data.nextshape.shape
for x, y in board_data.nextshape.getcoords(0, 0, -miny):
drawsquare(painter, x * self.gridsize + dx, y * self.gridsize + dy, val, self.gridsize)
class board(qframe):
msg2statusbar = pyqtsignal(str)
speed = 10
def __init__(self, parent, gridsize):
super().__init__(parent)
self.setfixedsize(gridsize * board_data.width, gridsize * board_data.height)
self.gridsize = gridsize
self.initboard()
def initboard(self):
self.score = 0
board_data.clear()
def paintevent(self, event):
painter = qpainter(self)
# draw backboard
for x in range(board_data.width):
for y in range(board_data.height):
val = board_data.getvalue(x, y)
drawsquare(painter, x * self.gridsize, y * self.gridsize, val, self.gridsize)
# draw current shape
for x, y in board_data.getcurrentshapecoord():
val = board_data.currentshape.shape
drawsquare(painter, x * self.gridsize, y * self.gridsize, val, self.gridsize)
# draw a border
painter.setpen(qcolor(0x777777))
painter.drawline(self.width()-1, 0, self.width()-1, self.height())
painter.setpen(qcolor(0xcccccc))
painter.drawline(self.width(), 0, self.width(), self.height())
def updatedata(self):
self.msg2statusbar.emit(str(self.score))
self.update()
if __name__ == '__main__':
# random.seed(32)
app = qapplication([])
tetris = tetris()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
2)tetris_model.py
import random
class shape(object):
shapenone = 0
shapei = 1
shapel = 2
shapej = 3
shapet = 4
shapeo = 5
shapes = 6
shapez = 7
shapecoord = (
((0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0), (0, 0)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (-1, 1)),
((0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0)),
((0, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0), (1, -1)),
((0, 0), (0, -1), (-1, 0), (1, -1)),
((0, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0), (-1, -1))
)
def __init__(self, shape=0):
self.shape = shape
def getrotatedoffsets(self, direction):
tmpcoords = shape.shapecoord[self.shape]
if direction == 0 or self.shape == shape.shapeo:
return ((x, y) for x, y in tmpcoords)
if direction == 1:
return ((-y, x) for x, y in tmpcoords)
if direction == 2:
if self.shape in (shape.shapei, shape.shapez, shape.shapes):
return ((x, y) for x, y in tmpcoords)
else:
return ((-x, -y) for x, y in tmpcoords)
if direction == 3:
if self.shape in (shape.shapei, shape.shapez, shape.shapes):
return ((-y, x) for x, y in tmpcoords)
else:
return ((y, -x) for x, y in tmpcoords)
def getcoords(self, direction, x, y):
return ((x + xx, y + yy) for xx, yy in self.getrotatedoffsets(direction))
def getboundingoffsets(self, direction):
tmpcoords = self.getrotatedoffsets(direction)
minx, maxx, miny, maxy = 0, 0, 0, 0
for x, y in tmpcoords:
if minx > x:
minx = x
if maxx < x:
maxx = x
if miny > y:
miny = y
if maxy < y:
maxy = y
return (minx, maxx, miny, maxy)
class boarddata(object):
width = 10
height = 22
def __init__(self):
self.backboard = [0] * boarddata.width * boarddata.height
self.currentx = -1
self.currenty = -1
self.currentdirection = 0
self.currentshape = shape()
self.nextshape = shape(random.randint(1, 7))
self.shapestat = [0] * 8
def getdata(self):
return self.backboard[:]
def getvalue(self, x, y):
return self.backboard[x + y * boarddata.width]
def getcurrentshapecoord(self):
return self.currentshape.getcoords(self.currentdirection, self.currentx, self.currenty)
def createnewpiece(self):
minx, maxx, miny, maxy = self.nextshape.getboundingoffsets(0)
result = false
if self.trymovecurrent(0, 5, -miny):
self.currentx = 5
self.currenty = -miny
self.currentdirection = 0
self.currentshape = self.nextshape
self.nextshape = shape(random.randint(1, 7))
result = true
else:
self.currentshape = shape()
self.currentx = -1
self.currenty = -1
self.currentdirection = 0
result = false
self.shapestat[self.currentshape.shape] += 1
return result
def trymovecurrent(self, direction, x, y):
return self.trymove(self.currentshape, direction, x, y)
def trymove(self, shape, direction, x, y):
for x, y in shape.getcoords(direction, x, y):
if x >= boarddata.width or x < 0 or y >= boarddata.height or y < 0:
return false
if self.backboard[x + y * boarddata.width] > 0:
return false
return true
def movedown(self):
lines = 0
if self.trymovecurrent(self.currentdirection, self.currentx, self.currenty + 1):
self.currenty += 1
else:
self.mergepiece()
lines = self.removefulllines()
self.createnewpiece()
return lines
def dropdown(self):
while self.trymovecurrent(self.currentdirection, self.currentx, self.currenty + 1):
self.currenty += 1
self.mergepiece()
lines = self.removefulllines()
self.createnewpiece()
return lines
def moveleft(self):
if self.trymovecurrent(self.currentdirection, self.currentx - 1, self.currenty):
self.currentx -= 1
def moveright(self):
if self.trymovecurrent(self.currentdirection, self.currentx + 1, self.currenty):
self.currentx += 1
def rotateright(self):
if self.trymovecurrent((self.currentdirection + 1) % 4, self.currentx, self.currenty):
self.currentdirection += 1
self.currentdirection %= 4
def rotateleft(self):
if self.trymovecurrent((self.currentdirection - 1) % 4, self.currentx, self.currenty):
self.currentdirection -= 1
self.currentdirection %= 4
def removefulllines(self):
newbackboard = [0] * boarddata.width * boarddata.height
newy = boarddata.height - 1
lines = 0
for y in range(boarddata.height - 1, -1, -1):
blockcount = sum([1 if self.backboard[x + y * boarddata.width] > 0 else 0 for x in range(boarddata.width)])
if blockcount < boarddata.width:
for x in range(boarddata.width):
newbackboard[x + newy * boarddata.width] = self.backboard[x + y * boarddata.width]
newy -= 1
else:
lines += 1
if lines > 0:
self.backboard = newbackboard
return lines
def mergepiece(self):
for x, y in self.currentshape.getcoords(self.currentdirection, self.currentx, self.currenty):
self.backboard[x + y * boarddata.width] = self.currentshape.shape
self.currentx = -1
self.currenty = -1
self.currentdirection = 0
self.currentshape = shape()
def clear(self):
self.currentx = -1
self.currenty = -1
self.currentdirection = 0
self.currentshape = shape()
self.backboard = [0] * boarddata.width * boarddata.height
board_data = boarddata()
3)tetris_ai.py
from tetris_model import board_data, shape
import math
from datetime import datetime
import numpy as np
class tetrisai(object):
def nextmove(self):
t1 = datetime.now()
if board_data.currentshape == shape.shapenone:
return none
currentdirection = board_data.currentdirection
currenty = board_data.currenty
_, _, miny, _ = board_data.nextshape.getboundingoffsets(0)
nexty = -miny
# print("=======")
strategy = none
if board_data.currentshape.shape in (shape.shapei, shape.shapez, shape.shapes):
d0range = (0, 1)
elif board_data.currentshape.shape == shape.shapeo:
d0range = (0,)
else:
d0range = (0, 1, 2, 3)
if board_data.nextshape.shape in (shape.shapei, shape.shapez, shape.shapes):
d1range = (0, 1)
elif board_data.nextshape.shape == shape.shapeo:
d1range = (0,)
else:
d1range = (0, 1, 2, 3)
for d0 in d0range:
minx, maxx, _, _ = board_data.currentshape.getboundingoffsets(d0)
for x0 in range(-minx, board_data.width - maxx):
board = self.calcstep1board(d0, x0)
for d1 in d1range:
minx, maxx, _, _ = board_data.nextshape.getboundingoffsets(d1)
dropdist = self.calcnextdropdist(board, d1, range(-minx, board_data.width - maxx))
for x1 in range(-minx, board_data.width - maxx):
score = self.calculatescore(np.copy(board), d1, x1, dropdist)
if not strategy or strategy[2] < score:
strategy = (d0, x0, score)
print("===", datetime.now() - t1)
return strategy
def calcnextdropdist(self, data, d0, xrange):
res = {}
for x0 in xrange:
if x0 not in res:
res[x0] = board_data.height - 1
for x, y in board_data.nextshape.getcoords(d0, x0, 0):
yy = 0
while yy + y < board_data.height and (yy + y < 0 or data[(y + yy), x] == shape.shapenone):
yy += 1
yy -= 1
if yy < res[x0]:
res[x0] = yy
return res
def calcstep1board(self, d0, x0):
board = np.array(board_data.getdata()).reshape((board_data.height, board_data.width))
self.dropdown(board, board_data.currentshape, d0, x0)
return board
def dropdown(self, data, shape, direction, x0):
dy = board_data.height - 1
for x, y in shape.getcoords(direction, x0, 0):
yy = 0
while yy + y < board_data.height and (yy + y < 0 or data[(y + yy), x] == shape.shapenone):
yy += 1
yy -= 1
if yy < dy:
dy = yy
# print("dropdown: shape {0}, direction {1}, x0 {2}, dy {3}".format(shape.shape, direction, x0, dy))
self.dropdownbydist(data, shape, direction, x0, dy)
def dropdownbydist(self, data, shape, direction, x0, dist):
for x, y in shape.getcoords(direction, x0, 0):
data[y + dist, x] = shape.shape
def calculatescore(self, step1board, d1, x1, dropdist):
# print("calculatescore")
t1 = datetime.now()
width = board_data.width
height = board_data.height
self.dropdownbydist(step1board, board_data.nextshape, d1, x1, dropdist[x1])
# print(datetime.now() - t1)
# term 1: lines to be removed
fulllines, nearfulllines = 0, 0
roofy = [0] * width
holecandidates = [0] * width
holeconfirm = [0] * width
vholes, vblocks = 0, 0
for y in range(height - 1, -1, -1):
hashole = false
hasblock = false
for x in range(width):
if step1board[y, x] == shape.shapenone:
hashole = true
holecandidates[x] += 1
else:
hasblock = true
roofy[x] = height - y
if holecandidates[x] > 0:
holeconfirm[x] += holecandidates[x]
holecandidates[x] = 0
if holeconfirm[x] > 0:
vblocks += 1
if not hasblock:
break
if not hashole and hasblock:
fulllines += 1
vholes = sum([x ** .7 for x in holeconfirm])
maxheight = max(roofy) - fulllines
# print(datetime.now() - t1)
roofdy = [roofy[i] - roofy[i+1] for i in range(len(roofy) - 1)]
if len(roofy) <= 0:
stdy = 0
else:
stdy = math.sqrt(sum([y ** 2 for y in roofy]) / len(roofy) - (sum(roofy) / len(roofy)) ** 2)
if len(roofdy) <= 0:
stddy = 0
else:
stddy = math.sqrt(sum([y ** 2 for y in roofdy]) / len(roofdy) - (sum(roofdy) / len(roofdy)) ** 2)
absdy = sum([abs(x) for x in roofdy])
maxdy = max(roofy) - min(roofy)
# print(datetime.now() - t1)
score = fulllines * 1.8 - vholes * 1.0 - vblocks * 0.5 - maxheight ** 1.5 * 0.02 \
- stdy * 0.0 - stddy * 0.01 - absdy * 0.2 - maxdy * 0.3
# print(score, fulllines, vholes, vblocks, maxheight, stdy, stddy, absdy, roofy, d0, x0, d1, x1)
return score
tetris_ai = tetrisai()
效果展示
1）视频展示——
【普通玩家vs高手玩家】一带传奇游戏《俄罗斯方块儿》ai版！
2）截图展示——
以上就是python实现ai自动玩俄罗斯方块游戏的详细内容，更多关于python俄罗斯方块的资料请关注www.887551.com其它相关文章！
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