contracts
contracts其实就是倡导面向接口编程，来达到解耦的目的。而这些通用的接口已经由laravel为你设计好了。就是这些contracts.
那么laravel如何知道我们需要使用哪个实现呢？
在laravel默认的contracts绑定中，在’illuminate/foundation/application.php’有这样的定义:这就是绑定了默认的接口实现.
/**
* register the core class aliases in the container.
*
* @return void
*/
public function registercorecontaineraliases()
{
$aliases = [
'app' => ['illuminate\foundation\application', 'illuminate\contracts\container\container', 'illuminate\contracts\foundation\application'],
'auth' => 'illuminate\auth\authmanager',
'auth.driver' => ['illuminate\auth\guard', 'illuminate\contracts\auth\guard'],
'auth.password.tokens' => 'illuminate\auth\passwords\tokenrepositoryinterface',
'blade.compiler' => 'illuminate\view\compilers\bladecompiler',
'cache' => ['illuminate\cache\cachemanager', 'illuminate\contracts\cache\factory'],
'cache.store' => ['illuminate\cache\repository', 'illuminate\contracts\cache\repository'],
'config' => ['illuminate\config\repository', 'illuminate\contracts\config\repository'],
'cookie' => ['illuminate\cookie\cookiejar', 'illuminate\contracts\cookie\factory', 'illuminate\contracts\cookie\queueingfactory'],
'encrypter' => ['illuminate\encryption\encrypter', 'illuminate\contracts\encryption\encrypter'],
'db' => 'illuminate\database\databasemanager',
'db.connection' => ['illuminate\database\connection', 'illuminate\database\connectioninterface'],
'events' => ['illuminate\events\dispatcher', 'illuminate\contracts\events\dispatcher'],
'files' => 'illuminate\filesystem\filesystem',
'filesystem' => ['illuminate\filesystem\filesystemmanager', 'illuminate\contracts\filesystem\factory'],
'filesystem.disk' => 'illuminate\contracts\filesystem\filesystem',
'filesystem.cloud' => 'illuminate\contracts\filesystem\cloud',
'hash' => 'illuminate\contracts\hashing\hasher',
'translator' => ['illuminate\translation\translator', 'symfony\component\translation\translatorinterface'],
'log' => ['illuminate\log\writer', 'illuminate\contracts\logging\log', 'psr\log\loggerinterface'],
'mailer' => ['illuminate\mail\mailer', 'illuminate\contracts\mail\mailer', 'illuminate\contracts\mail\mailqueue'],
'auth.password' => ['illuminate\auth\passwords\passwordbroker', 'illuminate\contracts\auth\passwordbroker'],
'queue' => ['illuminate\queue\queuemanager', 'illuminate\contracts\queue\factory', 'illuminate\contracts\queue\monitor'],
'queue.connection' => 'illuminate\contracts\queue\queue',
'redirect' => 'illuminate\routing\redirector',
'redis' => ['illuminate\redis\database', 'illuminate\contracts\redis\database'],
'request' => 'illuminate\http\request',
'router' => ['illuminate\routing\router', 'illuminate\contracts\routing\registrar'],
'session' => 'illuminate\session\sessionmanager',
'session.store' => ['illuminate\session\store', 'symfony\component\httpfoundation\session\sessioninterface'],
'url' => ['illuminate\routing\urlgenerator', 'illuminate\contracts\routing\urlgenerator'],
'validator' => ['illuminate\validation\factory', 'illuminate\contracts\validation\factory'],
'view' => ['illuminate\view\factory', 'illuminate\contracts\view\factory'],
];
在我们自定义的接口实现时，我们可以在serviceprovider中使用进行绑定:
$this->app->bind('app\contracts\eventpusher', 'app\services\pushereventpusher');
facades
facades 为应用程序的服务容器中可用的类提供了一个「静态」接口。laravel 「facades」作为在服务容器内基类的「静态代理」。很难懂？
我们打开项目目录下的config/app.php，然后找到
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| class aliases
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| this array of class aliases will be registered when this application
| is started. however, feel free to register as many as you wish as
| the aliases are "lazy" loaded so they don't hinder performance.
|
*/
'aliases' => [
'app' => illuminate\support\facades\app::class,
'artisan' => illuminate\support\facades\artisan::class,
'auth' => illuminate\support\facades\auth::class,
'blade' => illuminate\support\facades\blade::class,
'bus' => illuminate\support\facades\bus::class,
'cache' => illuminate\support\facades\cache::class,
'config' => illuminate\support\facades\config::class,
'cookie' => illuminate\support\facades\cookie::class,
'crypt' => illuminate\support\facades\crypt::class,
'db' => illuminate\support\facades\db::class,
'eloquent' => illuminate\database\eloquent\model::class,
'event' => illuminate\support\facades\event::class,
'file' => illuminate\support\facades\file::class,
'gate' => illuminate\support\facades\gate::class,
'hash' => illuminate\support\facades\hash::class,
'input' => illuminate\support\facades\input::class,
'lang' => illuminate\support\facades\lang::class,
'log' => illuminate\support\facades\log::class,
'mail' => illuminate\support\facades\mail::class,
'password' => illuminate\support\facades\password::class,
'queue' => illuminate\support\facades\queue::class,
'redirect' => illuminate\support\facades\redirect::class,
'redis' => illuminate\support\facades\redis::class,
'request' => illuminate\support\facades\request::class,
'response' => illuminate\support\facades\response::class,
'route' => illuminate\support\facades\route::class,
'schema' => illuminate\support\facades\schema::class,
'session' => illuminate\support\facades\session::class,
'storage' => illuminate\support\facades\storage::class,
'url' => illuminate\support\facades\url::class,
'validator' => illuminate\support\facades\validator::class,
'view' => illuminate\support\facades\view::class,
],
你是不是发现了什么？对，facades其实就是在config/app.php中定义的一系列类的别名。只不过这些类都具有一个共同的特点，那就是继承基底 illuminate\support\facades\facade 类并实现一个方法：getfacadeaccessor返回名称。
自定义facade
参考http://www.tutorialspoint.com/laravel/laravel_facades.htm
step 1 −创建一个名为 testfacadesserviceprovider的serviceprovider ,使用如下命令即可:
php artisan make:provider testfacadesserviceprovider
step 2 − 创建一个底层代理类，命名为“testfacades.php” at “app/test”.
app/test/testfacades.php
<?php
namespace app\test;
class testfacades{
public function testingfacades(){
echo "testing the facades in laravel.";
}
}
?>
step 3 − 创建一个 facade 类 called “testfacades.php” at “app/test/facades”.
app/test/facades/testfacades.php
<?php
namespace app\test\facades;
use illuminate\support\facades\facade;
class testfacades extends facade{
protected static function getfacadeaccessor() { return 'test'; }
}
step 4 −创建一个serviceproviders类，名为“testfacadesserviceproviders.php” at “app/test/facades”.
app/providers/testfacadesserviceproviders.php
<?php
namespace app\providers;
use app;
use illuminate\support\serviceprovider;
class testfacadesserviceprovider extends serviceprovider {
public function boot() {
//
}
public function register() {
//可以这么绑定,这需要use app;
// app::bind('test',function() {
// return new \app\test\testfacades;
// });
//也可以这么绑定，推荐。这个test对应于facade的getfacadeaccessor返回值
$this->app->bind("test", function(){
return new myfoo(); //给这个facade返回一个代理实例。所有对facade的调用都会被转发到该类对象下。
});
}
}
step 5 − 在config/app.php注册serviceprovider类
step 6 − 在config/app.php注册自定义facade的别名
使用测试：
add the following lines in app/http/routes.php.
route::get('/facadeex', function(){
return testfacades::testingfacades();
});
step 9 − visit the following url to test the facade.
http://localhost:8000/facadeex去查看输出
更多学习内容请访问：
腾讯t3-t4标准精品php架构师教程目录大全，只要你看完保证薪资上升一个台阶（持续更新）
黄山市民网：https://www.huangshanshimin.com/
