IBM Cloud上基于Grafana和Zabbix的监控环境安装

1:安装准备
Zabbix需要的LNMP环境可以使用脚本或source code安装，前者较快，在CentOS 7.x上大约1小时，源码安装比较慢。

系统和软件版本：

CentOS 7.x 在IBM Cloud上创建的虚机，测试中使用瞬态配置，上线时用Public型。
mysql-5.7.29.tar.gz
nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
php-7.2.27.tar.gz
zabbix-4.4.5.tar.gz
grafana-7.1.5-1.x86_64.rpm
alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app version: 4.0.1

(1) 关闭防火墙和selinux
(2)创建安装目录和用户

mkdir -pv /tools/{ mysql-5.7,nginx-1.16,php-7.2,zabbix-4.4}
mkdir -pv /tools/mysql-5.7/data

ln -s /tools/mysql-5.7 /tools/mysql
ln -s /tools/nginx-1.16 /tools/nginx
ln -s /tools/php-7.2 /tools/php
ln -s /tools/zabbix-4.4 /tools/zabbix

useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx
useradd -s /sbin/nologin zabbix

2:安装mysql

cd tools
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29.tar.gz
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.29.tar.gz

yum install -y cmake gcc gcc-c++ openssl-devel ncurses-devel

tar xvf mysql-5.7.29.tar.gz
tar xvf mysql-boost-5.7.29.tar.gz -C /tools/

cd mysql-5.7.29

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/tools/mysql-5.7 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/tools/mysql-5.7/data \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_unicode_ci \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/tools/mysql-5.7.29/boost/boost_1_59_0

make & make install

创建需要的文件及更改属主和属组

mkdir -pv /tools/mysql/log
touch /tools/mysql/log/mariadb.log
touch /tools/mysql/log/mariadb.pid
chown -R mysql /tools/{ mysql-5.7,mysql-5.7.29,mysql}

(5) 初始化数据，修改配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/tools/mysql/data #数据目录位置
socket=/tools/mysql/mysql.sock #sock文件的路径
skip-grant-tables #跳过登录认证
user=mysql
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/tools/mysql/log/mariadb.log #错误日志位置
pid-file=/tools/mysql/log/mariadb.pid

(6) 添加环境变量

vim /etc/profile //末尾添加两行

export PATH=$PATH:/tools/mysql/support-files
export PATH=$PATH:/tools/mysql/bin

保存退出刷新环境变量 
source /etc/profile/

(7) 初始化启动mysql

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/tools/mysql --datadir=/tools/mysql/data
mysql.server start
//记住此处系统自动生成的临时密码
ln -s /tools/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/

(8) 下载zabbix源码包并解压

wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/zabbix/files/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/4.4.5/zabbix-4.4.5.tar.gz
tar xvf zabbix-4.4.5.tar.gz
cd zabbix-4.4.5/database/mysql

登录mysql：

mysql -u root -p

输入刚才记录的密码，登录后执行以下命令：

use mysql;
create database zabbix default character set utf8;
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('修改的密码') where user='root';
use zabbix;
source schema.sql;
source images.sql;
source data.sql;
exit;

最后恢复密码登录mysql 修改文件，重启mysql服务

vim /etc/my.cnf
//去掉 skip-grant-tables

mysql.server restart

//下次登录mysql需要修改密码

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('new-password');

添加lib文件

echo “/tools/mysql/lib” > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

ldconfig -v

3:安装nginx
(1) 下载 nginx 并解压

cd tools
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
tar xvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

(2) 编译安装并添加环境变量

cd nginx-1.16.1

./configure --prefix=/tools/nginx-1.16 --user=nginx --group=nginx --without-select_module --without-poll_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre --with-debug

make 
make install

添加变量

vim /etc/profile //追加一行
export PATH=$PATH:/tools/nginx/sbin

source /etc/profile

(3)更改 nginx 的属主和属组以及修改配置文件

chown nginx:nginx -R /tools/nginx-1.16

修改配置文件

vim /tools/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

修改启动用户 user nginx;
启动nginx：

nginx

4:安装php
(1) 下载php源码并井进行解压

cd /tools
wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.27.tar.gz
tar xvf php-7.2.27.tar.gz

(2) 安装及解决依赖

yum install -y libxml2-devel openssl-devel net-snmp net-snmp-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libicu-devel openldap-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel freetype-devel gmp-devel readline-devel libxslt-devel fontconfig

cd php-7.2.27

./configure --prefix=/tools/php-7.2 --with-mysqli=/tools/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-inline-optimization --enable-fpm --enable-soap --enable-pcntl --enable-xml --with-libxml-dir --with-xmlrpc --with-openssl --with-mhash --with-pcre-regex --with-sqlite3 --with-zlib --enable-bcmath --with-iconv --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --with-cdb --enable-dom --enable-exif --enable-fileinfo --enable-filter --with-pcre-dir --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-openssl-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-gettext --with-gmp --with-mhash --enable-json --enable-mbstring --disable-mbregex --disable-mbregex-backtrack --with-libmbfl --with-onig --enable-pdo --with-pdo-mysql --with-zlib-dir --with-pdo-sqlite --with-readline --enable-session --enable-shmop --enable-simplexml --enable-sockets --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-wddx --with-libxml-dir --with-xsl --enable-zip --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support --with-pear --without-pear


 make
 make install

(3) 拷贝服务和配置文件，设置属主和属组

cp /tools/php-7.2.27/sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
cp /tools/php-7.2/etc/{ php-fpm.conf.default,php-fpm.conf}
cp /tools/php-7.2/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf{ .default,}
cp php.ini-production /tools/php-7.2/lib/php.ini

chown nginx:nginx -R /tools/php-7.2

(4) 修改配置文件并启动

修改php.ini配置文件

vim /tools/php/lib/php.ini //修改如下4行

post_max_size = 16M
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
date.timezone = PRC

启动php服务

systemctl start php-fpm.service && systemctl enable php-fpm.service

修改nginx.conf文件使nginx支持php

vim /tools/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 

 location ~ \.php$ { 
            root           /tools/nginx/html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /tools/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }

编写测试php文件

vim /tools/nginx/html/index.php

          <?php phpinfo(); ?>

重启nginx服务

nginx -s reload

5:安装Zabbix Server
(1) 安装依赖，编译安装

yum localinstall -y libevent-devel-2.0.21-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum install unixODBC-devel mysql-devel net-snmp-devel libxml2-devel libcurl-devel libevent-devel -y
cd zabbix-4.4.5
./configure --prefix=/tools/zabbix-4.4 --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql=/tools/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-ipv6 --with-netsnmp --with-libcurl --with-libxml2
make 
make install

(2) 配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile	//追加如下行
export PATH=$PATH:/tools/zabbix/sbin

source /etc/profile

(3) 修改配置文件

vim /tools/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf 
DBUser=root
DBPassword=theDBpassword

拷贝zabbix至nginx的目录下，重启nginx服务；
cd /tools/zabbix-4.4.5
cp -R frontends/php/* /tools/nginx/html/
nginx -s reload

访问页面ok即可。

(4)登录
账户为 admin 密码zabbix
登录后界面为http://your-domain.com/setup.php
注意：

连接数据库的步骤需要将服务器ip改为127.0.0.1 不能使用localhost，否则会报错。
在Install步骤，配置文件无法安装，按照页面提示手动下载传到nginx目录下即可。

# mysql -uroot -p -e "grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@localhost identified by 'zabbix'"
Enter password:

安装Zabbix agent

cd /tools
wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent-4.4.5-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld.service
grep SELINUX /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.4/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent-4.4.5-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
# Server=
StartAgents=0
ServerActive=<server's-IP-addr>
Hostname=dallas

service zabbix-agent start
chkconfig zabbix-agent on

安装Grafana

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-7.1.5-1.x86_64.rpm
yum install grafana-7.1.5-1.x86_64.rpm
systemctl start grafana-server
systemctl status grafana-server
systemctl enable grafana-server

登录UI，默认用户名/口令为admin/admin

安装Grafana-Zabbix plugin

grafana-cli plugins list-remote|grep zabbix
grafana-cli plugins install alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app
grafana-cli plugins install grafana-clock-panel
systemctl restart grafana-server

配置Zabbix数据源，开启监控。

本文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46707197/article/details/111996548

黄山市民网：https://www.huangshanshimin.com/

修改php.ini配置文件

启动php服务

修改nginx.conf文件使nginx支持php

编写测试php文件

重启nginx服务

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