简单的Socket通信(简单的在线聊天)—winform

注:本博客适合刚开始学习winform程序的初学者,大牛请绕道(跪求大牛指导文中不足)

…..10w字废话自动省略,直接开始正题.

首先从最基本的建立winform开始(本项目用的vs2017)

新建->项目->选中c#->选择windows窗体应用->确定

创建完成后可以点击工具栏进行拖拽控件 ,双击控件进入事件的逻辑处理,右击鼠标选择属性进行配置

各属性的作用可参考微软文档 https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.windows.forms.control.accessiblename?view=netframework-4.8

首先展示一下效果图

注：

博主在一台电脑上创建了两个项目,打开两个visualstudio（一个运行服务端，一个运行客户端），

由于socked端口占用问题，

服务端和客户端运行起来后，

客户端ip输入自己电脑的ip->端口port随便输入->点击连接,提示连接成功。例：ip：192.168.1.129 port:80

服务端ip输入自己电脑ip->端口port随便输入—>点击开始监听，提示监听成功。例：ip:192.168.1.129 port:81

客户端ip输入自己电脑ip->端口port输入服务端端口号->点击连接,提示连接成功可以开始发送消息：例：ip:192.168.1.129 port:81

（从上到下按顺序执行）

以上操作是因为服务端、客户端在同一台电脑上，造成端口占用，如果服务端和客户端分开的话客户端可以直接输入服务端ip和端口连接监听。

接下来贴代码:

服务端

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designer.cs文件代码 (小白不会设置控件属性的话,可以跳过拖拽控件,直接复制以下代码)

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namespace mywindows
{
    partial class form1
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 必需的设计器变量。
        /// </summary>
        private system.componentmodel.icontainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
        protected override void dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.dispose();
            }
            base.dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region windows 窗体设计器生成的代码

        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要修改
        /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        private void initializecomponent()
        {
            this.panel1 = new system.windows.forms.panel();
            this.tb_ip = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
            this.lb_ip = new system.windows.forms.label();
            this.lb_port = new system.windows.forms.label();
            this.tb_port = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
            this.bt_connnect = new system.windows.forms.button();
            this.listbox1 = new system.windows.forms.listbox();
            this.txt_msg = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
            this.bt_send = new system.windows.forms.button();
            this.panel1.suspendlayout();
            this.suspendlayout();
            // 
            // panel1
            // 
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.bt_connnect);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.lb_port);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.tb_port);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.lb_ip);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.tb_ip);
            this.panel1.location = new system.drawing.point(21, 12);
            this.panel1.name = "panel1";
            this.panel1.size = new system.drawing.size(580, 70);
            this.panel1.tabindex = 0;
            // 
            // tb_ip
            // 
            this.tb_ip.location = new system.drawing.point(44, 18);
            this.tb_ip.name = "tb_ip";
            this.tb_ip.size = new system.drawing.size(100, 21);
            this.tb_ip.tabindex = 0;
            this.tb_ip.text = "127.0.0.1";
            // 
            // lb_ip
            // 
            this.lb_ip.autosize = true;
            this.lb_ip.location = new system.drawing.point(15, 21);
            this.lb_ip.name = "lb_ip";
            this.lb_ip.size = new system.drawing.size(23, 12);
            this.lb_ip.tabindex = 1;
            this.lb_ip.text = "ip:";
            // 
            // lb_port
            // 
            this.lb_port.autosize = true;
            this.lb_port.location = new system.drawing.point(158, 24);
            this.lb_port.name = "lb_port";
            this.lb_port.size = new system.drawing.size(35, 12);
            this.lb_port.tabindex = 3;
            this.lb_port.text = "port:";
            // 
            // tb_port
            // 
            this.tb_port.location = new system.drawing.point(199, 21);
            this.tb_port.name = "tb_port";
            this.tb_port.size = new system.drawing.size(100, 21);
            this.tb_port.tabindex = 2;
            this.tb_port.text = "80";
            // 
            // bt_connnect
            // 
            this.bt_connnect.location = new system.drawing.point(316, 15);
            this.bt_connnect.name = "bt_connnect";
            this.bt_connnect.size = new system.drawing.size(132, 42);
            this.bt_connnect.tabindex = 4;
            this.bt_connnect.text = "开始监听";
            this.bt_connnect.usevisualstylebackcolor = true;
            this.bt_connnect.click += new system.eventhandler(this.bt_connnect_click);
            // 
            // listbox1
            // 
            this.listbox1.formattingenabled = true;
            this.listbox1.itemheight = 12;
            this.listbox1.location = new system.drawing.point(21, 112);
            this.listbox1.name = "listbox1";
            this.listbox1.size = new system.drawing.size(580, 124);
            this.listbox1.tabindex = 1;
            // 
            // txt_msg
            // 
            this.txt_msg.location = new system.drawing.point(21, 255);
            this.txt_msg.multiline = true;
            this.txt_msg.name = "txt_msg";
            this.txt_msg.size = new system.drawing.size(424, 73);
            this.txt_msg.tabindex = 2;
            // 
            // bt_send
            // 
            this.bt_send.location = new system.drawing.point(471, 266);
            this.bt_send.name = "bt_send";
            this.bt_send.size = new system.drawing.size(119, 52);
            this.bt_send.tabindex = 3;
            this.bt_send.text = "发送";
            this.bt_send.usevisualstylebackcolor = true;
            this.bt_send.click += new system.eventhandler(this.bt_send_click);
            // 
            // form1
            // 
            this.autoscaledimensions = new system.drawing.sizef(6f, 12f);
            this.autoscalemode = system.windows.forms.autoscalemode.font;
            this.clientsize = new system.drawing.size(695, 340);
            this.controls.add(this.bt_send);
            this.controls.add(this.txt_msg);
            this.controls.add(this.listbox1);
            this.controls.add(this.panel1);
            this.name = "form1";
            this.text = "socketform";
            this.load += new system.eventhandler(this.form1_load);
            this.panel1.resumelayout(false);
            this.panel1.performlayout();
            this.resumelayout(false);
            this.performlayout();
        }
        #endregion
        private system.windows.forms.panel panel1;
         private system.windows.forms.button bt_connnect;
         private system.windows.forms.label lb_port;
         private system.windows.forms.textbox tb_port;
         private system.windows.forms.label lb_ip;
         private system.windows.forms.textbox tb_ip;
         private system.windows.forms.listbox listbox1;
         private system.windows.forms.textbox txt_msg;
         private system.windows.forms.button bt_send;

    }
}

控件事件逻辑处理 (小白可以随便选中一个控件双击进去, 直接将下面的代码覆盖到项目中)

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using system;
using system.collections.generic;
using system.componentmodel;
using system.data;
using system.drawing;
using system.linq;
using system.net;
using system.net.sockets;
using system.text;
using system.threading;
using system.threading.tasks;
using system.windows.forms;

namespace mywindows
{
    partial class form1 : form
    {

        public form1()
         {
             initializecomponent();
         }
 
         private void bt_connnect_click(object sender, eventargs e)
         {
 
             try
             {
                 //点击开始监听时 在服务端创建一个负责监听ip和端口号的socket
                 socket socketwatch = new socket(addressfamily.internetwork, sockettype.stream, protocoltype.tcp);
                 ipaddress ip = ipaddress.any;
                 //创建对象端口
                 ipendpoint point = new ipendpoint(ip, convert.toint32(tb_port.text));
 
                 socketwatch.bind(point);//绑定端口号
                 showmsg("监听成功!");
                 socketwatch.listen(10);//设置监听
 
                 //创建监听线程
                 thread thread = new thread(listen);
                 thread.isbackground = true;
                 thread.start(socketwatch);
             }
             catch { }
            
         }
        
         /// <summary>
         /// 等待客户端的连接 并且创建与之通信的socket
         /// </summary>
         socket socketsend;
         void listen(object o)
         {
             try
             {
                 socket socketwatch = o as socket;
                 while (true)
                 {
                    
                     socketsend = socketwatch.accept();//等待接收客户端连接
                     showmsg(socketsend.remoteendpoint.tostring() + ":" + "连接成功!");
                     //开启一个新线程，执行接收消息方法
                     thread r_thread = new thread(received);
                     r_thread.isbackground = true;
                     r_thread.start(socketsend);
                 }
             }
             catch { }
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// 服务器端不停的接收客户端发来的消息
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="o"></param>
         void received(object o)
         {
             try
             {
                 socket socketsend = o as socket;
                 while (true)
                 {
                     //客户端连接服务器成功后，服务器接收客户端发送的消息
                     byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
                     //实际接收到的有效字节数
                     int len = socketsend.receive(buffer);
                     if (len == 0)
                     {
                         break;
                     }
                     string str = encoding.utf8.getstring(buffer, 0, len);
                     showmsg(socketsend.remoteendpoint + ":" + str);
                 }
             }
             catch { }
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// 服务器向客户端发送消息
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="str"></param>
         void send(string str)
{
                 byte[] buffer = encoding.utf8.getbytes(str);
                 socketsend.send(buffer);
             }
 
         void showmsg(string msg)
         {
             listbox1.items.add(msg + "\r\n");
         }
 
         private void form1_load(object sender, eventargs e)
         {
             control.checkforillegalcrossthreadcalls = false;
         }
 
         private void bt_send_click(object sender, eventargs e)
         {
             send(txt_msg.text.trim());
         }

    }
}

客户端

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namespace myclient
{
    partial class form1
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 必需的设计器变量。
        /// </summary>
        private system.componentmodel.icontainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
        protected override void dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.dispose();
            }
            base.dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region windows 窗体设计器生成的代码

        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要修改
        /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        private void initializecomponent()
        {
            this.panel1 = new system.windows.forms.panel();
            this.lb_ip = new system.windows.forms.label();
            this.txt_ip = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
            this.txt_port = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
            this.lb_port = new system.windows.forms.label();
            this.bt_connect = new system.windows.forms.button();
            this.textbox1 = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
            this.txt_msg = new system.windows.forms.textbox();
            this.bt_send = new system.windows.forms.button();
            this.panel1.suspendlayout();
            this.suspendlayout();
            // 
            // panel1
            // 
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.bt_connect);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.txt_port);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.lb_port);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.txt_ip);
            this.panel1.controls.add(this.lb_ip);
            this.panel1.location = new system.drawing.point(12, 12);
            this.panel1.name = "panel1";
            this.panel1.size = new system.drawing.size(463, 75);
            this.panel1.tabindex = 0;
            // 
            // lb_ip
            // 
            this.lb_ip.autosize = true;
            this.lb_ip.location = new system.drawing.point(14, 23);
            this.lb_ip.name = "lb_ip";
            this.lb_ip.size = new system.drawing.size(23, 12);
            this.lb_ip.tabindex = 0;
            this.lb_ip.text = "ip:";
            // 
            // txt_ip
            // 
            this.txt_ip.location = new system.drawing.point(43, 20);
            this.txt_ip.name = "txt_ip";
            this.txt_ip.size = new system.drawing.size(100, 21);
            this.txt_ip.tabindex = 1;
            this.txt_ip.text = "127.0.0.1";
            // 
            // txt_port
            // 
            this.txt_port.location = new system.drawing.point(207, 23);
            this.txt_port.name = "txt_port";
            this.txt_port.size = new system.drawing.size(100, 21);
            this.txt_port.tabindex = 3;
            this.txt_port.text = "2001";
            // 
            // lb_port
            // 
            this.lb_port.autosize = true;
            this.lb_port.location = new system.drawing.point(166, 29);
            this.lb_port.name = "lb_port";
            this.lb_port.size = new system.drawing.size(35, 12);
            this.lb_port.tabindex = 2;
            this.lb_port.text = "port:";
            // 
            // bt_connect
            // 
            this.bt_connect.location = new system.drawing.point(313, 9);
            this.bt_connect.name = "bt_connect";
            this.bt_connect.size = new system.drawing.size(113, 47);
            this.bt_connect.tabindex = 4;
            this.bt_connect.text = "连接";
            this.bt_connect.usevisualstylebackcolor = true;
            this.bt_connect.click += new system.eventhandler(this.bt_connect_click);
            // 
            // textbox1
            // 
            this.textbox1.location = new system.drawing.point(12, 103);
            this.textbox1.multiline = true;
            this.textbox1.name = "textbox1";
            this.textbox1.size = new system.drawing.size(463, 114);
            this.textbox1.tabindex = 1;
            // 
            // txt_msg
            // 
            this.txt_msg.location = new system.drawing.point(12, 246);
            this.txt_msg.multiline = true;
            this.txt_msg.name = "txt_msg";
            this.txt_msg.size = new system.drawing.size(291, 54);
            this.txt_msg.tabindex = 2;
            // 
            // bt_send
            // 
            this.bt_send.location = new system.drawing.point(325, 246);
            this.bt_send.name = "bt_send";
            this.bt_send.size = new system.drawing.size(113, 54);
            this.bt_send.tabindex = 3;
            this.bt_send.text = "发送";
            this.bt_send.usevisualstylebackcolor = true;
            this.bt_send.click += new system.eventhandler(this.bt_send_click);
            // 
            // form1
            // 
            this.autoscaledimensions = new system.drawing.sizef(6f, 12f);
            this.autoscalemode = system.windows.forms.autoscalemode.font;
            this.clientsize = new system.drawing.size(493, 323);
            this.controls.add(this.bt_send);
            this.controls.add(this.txt_msg);
            this.controls.add(this.textbox1);
            this.controls.add(this.panel1);
            this.name = "form1";
            this.text = "form1";
            this.load += new system.eventhandler(this.form1_load);
            this.panel1.resumelayout(false);
            this.panel1.performlayout();
            this.resumelayout(false);
            this.performlayout();

        }

        #endregion

        private system.windows.forms.panel panel1;
        private system.windows.forms.label lb_ip;
        private system.windows.forms.button bt_connect;
        private system.windows.forms.textbox txt_port;
        private system.windows.forms.label lb_port;
        private system.windows.forms.textbox txt_ip;
        private system.windows.forms.textbox textbox1;
        private system.windows.forms.textbox txt_msg;
        private system.windows.forms.button bt_send;

    }
}

双击控件进入（.cs文件）

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using system;
using system.collections.generic;
using system.componentmodel;
using system.data;
using system.drawing;
using system.linq;
using system.net;
using system.net.sockets;
using system.text;
using system.threading;
using system.windows.forms;

namespace myclient
{
    public partial class form1 : form
    {
        public form1()
        {
            initializecomponent();
        }

               socket socketsend;
         private void bt_connect_click(object sender, eventargs e)
         {
             try
             {
                 //创建客户端socket，获得远程ip和端口号
                 socketsend = new socket(addressfamily.internetwork, sockettype.stream, protocoltype.tcp);
                 ipaddress ip = ipaddress.parse(txt_ip.text);
                 ipendpoint point = new ipendpoint(ip, convert.toint32(txt_port.text));
 
                 socketsend.connect(point);
                 showmsg("连接成功!");
                 //开启新的线程，不停的接收服务器发来的消息
                 thread c_thread = new thread(received);
                 c_thread.isbackground = true;
                 c_thread.start();
             }
             catch (exception){
                 showmsg("ip或者端口号错误...");
             }
  
         }
         void showmsg(string str)
         {
             textbox1.appendtext(str + "\r\n");
         }
         /// <summary>
         /// 接收服务端返回的消息
         /// </summary>
         void received()
         {
             while (true)
             {
                 try
                 {
                     byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
                     //实际接收到的有效字节数
                     int len = socketsend.receive(buffer);
                     if (len == 0)
                     {
                         break;
                     }
                     string str = encoding.utf8.getstring(buffer, 0, len);
                     showmsg(socketsend.remoteendpoint + ":" + str);
                 }
                 catch { }
             }
         } 
         /// <summary>
         /// 向服务器发送消息
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void bt_send_click(object sender, eventargs e)
         {
             try
             {
                 string msg = txt_msg.text.trim();
                 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
                 buffer = encoding.utf8.getbytes(msg);
                 socketsend.send(buffer);
             }
             catch { }
         }
 
         private void form1_load(object sender, eventargs e)
         {
             control.checkforillegalcrossthreadcalls = false;
         }
    }
}

socket原理可参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/wangkaining/p/6089627.html

以上代码复制粘贴完成后注意项目命名，可直接运行.有问题评论区探讨.

黄山市民网：https://www.huangshanshimin.com/

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