OpenCV 基本图形绘制函数详解

• 用于绘制直线的line函数；
• 用于绘制椭圆的ellipse函数；
• 用于绘制矩形的rectangle函数；
• 用于绘制圆的circle函数；
• 用于绘制填充的多边形的fillpoly函数。

#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>

using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

#define window_width 600 // 定义窗口大小的宏
#define window_name1 "原子图"        //为窗口标题定义的宏 
#define window_name2 "多边形图以及画线"        //为窗口标题定义的宏 

/***绘制椭圆***/
void drawellipse(mat img, double angle)
{
    int thickness = 2; //  线宽
    int linetype = 8; // 线性，8 代表联通线性

    ellipse(img,
        point(window_width / 2, window_width / 2),
        size(window_width / 4, window_width / 16),
        angle, // 角度，0~360 度
        0,
        360,
        scalar(255, 129, 0),
        thickness,
        linetype);
}

/*绘制实心圆*/
void drawfilledcircle(mat img, point center)
{
    int thickness = -1; //  线粗-1，代表实心
    int linetype = 8; // 线性，8 代表联通线性

    circle(img,
        center,
        window_width / 32,
        scalar(0, 0, 255),
        thickness,
        linetype);
}

/*凹多边形绘制*/
void drawpolygon(mat img)
{
    int linetype = 8;

    // 创建一些点
    point rookpoints[1][20];
    rookpoints[0][0] = point(window_width / 4, 7 * window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][1] = point(3 * window_width / 4, 7 * window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][2] = point(3 * window_width / 4, 13 * window_width / 16);
    rookpoints[0][3] = point(11 * window_width / 16, 13 * window_width / 16);
    rookpoints[0][4] = point(19 * window_width / 32, 3 * window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][5] = point(3 * window_width / 4, 3 * window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][6] = point(3 * window_width / 4, window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][7] = point(26 * window_width / 40, window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][8] = point(26 * window_width / 40, window_width / 4);
    rookpoints[0][9] = point(22 * window_width / 40, window_width / 4);
    rookpoints[0][10] = point(22 * window_width / 40, window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][11] = point(18 * window_width / 40, window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][12] = point(18 * window_width / 40, window_width / 4);
    rookpoints[0][13] = point(14 * window_width / 40, window_width / 4);
    rookpoints[0][14] = point(14 * window_width / 40, window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][15] = point(window_width / 4, window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][16] = point(window_width / 4, 3 * window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][17] = point(13 * window_width / 32, 3 * window_width / 8);
    rookpoints[0][18] = point(5 * window_width / 16, 13 * window_width / 16);
    rookpoints[0][19] = point(window_width / 4, 13 * window_width / 16);

    const point* ppt[1] = { rookpoints[0] }; // 多边形定点集
    int npt[] = { 20 }; // 多边形定点数目

    fillpoly(img, 
        ppt, 
        npt, 
        1, 
        scalar(255, 255, 255),  // 多边形颜色：白色
        linetype);
}

/*线绘制*/
void drawline(mat img, point start, point end)
{
    int thickness = 2;
    int linetype = 8;
    line(img,
        start,
        end,
        scalar(0,0,0), // 黑色
        thickness,
        linetype);
}


int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
    mat atomimage = mat::zeros(window_width, window_width, cv_8uc3);
    mat rookimage = mat::zeros(window_width, window_width, cv_8uc3);

    // 椭圆绘制
    drawellipse(atomimage, 0);
    drawellipse(atomimage, 90);
    drawellipse(atomimage, 45);
    drawellipse(atomimage, -45);
    // 绘制圆心
    drawfilledcircle(atomimage, point(window_width / 2, window_width / 2));


    // 绘制多边形
    drawpolygon(rookimage);

    // 绘制矩形
    rectangle(rookimage,
        point(0, 7 * window_width / 8),
        point(window_width, window_width),
        scalar(0, 255, 255),
        -1,
        8);

    // 绘制一些线段
    drawline(rookimage, point(0, 15 * window_width / 16), point(window_width, 15 * window_width / 16));
    drawline(rookimage, point(window_width / 4, 7 * window_width / 8), point(window_width / 4, window_width));
    drawline(rookimage, point(window_width / 2, 7 * window_width / 8), point(window_width / 2, window_width));
    drawline(rookimage, point(3 * window_width / 4, 7 * window_width / 8), point(3 * window_width / 4, window_width));

    // ---------------------------<3>显示绘制出的图像------------------------
    imshow(window_name1, atomimage);
    movewindow(window_name1, 0, 200);
    imshow(window_name2, rookimage);
    movewindow(window_name2, window_width, 200);

    waitkey(0);
    return(0);
}

运行：

参考：

《opencv3 编程入门》 毛星云 p104

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