本文实例为大家分享了python实现简单的俄罗斯方块的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
1. 案例介绍
俄罗斯方块是由 4 个小方块组成不同形状的板块，随机从屏幕上方落下，按方向键调整板块的位置和方向，在底部拼出完整的一行或几行。这些完整的横条会消失，给新落下来的板块腾出空间，并获得分数奖励。没有被消除掉的方块不断堆积，一旦堆到顶端，便告输，游戏结束。本例难度为高级，适合具有 python 进阶和 pygame 编程技巧的用户学习。
2. 设计要点
边框――由 15*25 个空格组成，方块就落在这里面。盒子――组成方块的其中小方块，是组成方块的基本单元。方块――从边框顶掉下的东西，游戏者可以翻转和改变位置。每个方块由 4 个盒子组成。形状――不同类型的方块。这里形状的名字被叫做 t, s, z ,j, l, i , o。如下图所示：
模版――用一个列表存放形状被翻转后的所有可能样式。全部存放在变量里，变量名字如 s or j。着陆――当一个方块到达边框的底部或接触到在其他的盒子话，就说这个方块着陆了。那样的话，另一个方块就会开始下落。
3. 示例效果
4. 示例源码
import pygame
import random
import os
pygame.init()
grid_width = 20
grid_num_width = 15
grid_num_height = 25
width, height = grid_width * grid_num_width, grid_width * grid_num_height
side_width = 200
screen_width = width + side_width
white = (0xff, 0xff, 0xff)
black = (0, 0, 0)
line_color = (0x33, 0x33, 0x33)
cube_colors = [
(0xcc, 0x99, 0x99), (0xff, 0xff, 0x99), (0x66, 0x66, 0x99),
(0x99, 0x00, 0x66), (0xff, 0xcc, 0x00), (0xcc, 0x00, 0x33),
(0xff, 0x00, 0x33), (0x00, 0x66, 0x99), (0xff, 0xff, 0x33),
(0x99, 0x00, 0x33), (0xcc, 0xff, 0x66), (0xff, 0x99, 0x00)
]
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, height))
pygame.display.set_caption("俄罗斯方块")
clock = pygame.time.clock()
fps = 30
score = 0
level = 1
screen_color_matrix = [[none] * grid_num_width for i in range(grid_num_height)]
# 设置游戏的根目录为当前文件夹
base_folder = os.path.dirname(__file__)
def show_text(surf, text, size, x, y, color=white):
font_name = os.path.join(base_folder, 'font/font.ttc')
font = pygame.font.font(font_name, size)
text_surface = font.render(text, true, color)
text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()
text_rect.midtop = (x, y)
surf.blit(text_surface, text_rect)
class cubeshape(object):
shapes = ['i', 'j', 'l', 'o', 's', 't', 'z']
i = [[(0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)],
[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)]]
j = [[(-2, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, -1)],
[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)],
[(0, 1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)],
[(0, -2), (0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0)]]
l = [[(-2, 0), (-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1)],
[(1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2)],
[(0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 0)],
[(0, -2), (0, -1), (0, 0), (-1, 0)]]
o = [[(0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (1, 1)]]
s = [[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1)],
[(1, -1), (1, 0), (0, 0), (0, 1)]]
t = [[(0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (-1, 0)],
[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)],
[(0, -1), (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0)],
[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1)]]
z = [[(0, -1), (0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1)],
[(-1, 0), (0, 0), (0, -1), (1, -1)]]
shapes_with_dir = {
'i': i, 'j': j, 'l': l, 'o': o, 's': s, 't': t, 'z': z
}
def __init__(self):
self.shape = self.shapes[random.randint(0, len(self.shapes) - 1)]
# 骨牌所在的行列
self.center = (2, grid_num_width // 2)
self.dir = random.randint(0, len(self.shapes_with_dir[self.shape]) - 1)
self.color = cube_colors[random.randint(0, len(cube_colors) - 1)]
def get_all_gridpos(self, center=none):
curr_shape = self.shapes_with_dir[self.shape][self.dir]
if center is none:
center = [self.center[0], self.center[1]]
return [(cube[0] + center[0], cube[1] + center[1])
for cube in curr_shape]
def conflict(self, center):
for cube in self.get_all_gridpos(center):
# 超出屏幕之外，说明不合法
if cube[0] < 0 or cube[1] < 0 or cube[0] >= grid_num_height or \
cube[1] >= grid_num_width:
return true
# 不为none，说明之前已经有小方块存在了，也不合法
if screen_color_matrix[cube[0]][cube[1]] is not none:
return true
return false
def rotate(self):
new_dir = self.dir + 1
new_dir %= len(self.shapes_with_dir[self.shape])
old_dir = self.dir
self.dir = new_dir
if self.conflict(self.center):
self.dir = old_dir
return false
def down(self):
# import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
center = (self.center[0] + 1, self.center[1])
if self.conflict(center):
return false
self.center = center
return true
def left(self):
center = (self.center[0], self.center[1] - 1)
if self.conflict(center):
return false
self.center = center
return true
def right(self):
center = (self.center[0], self.center[1] + 1)
if self.conflict(center):
return false
self.center = center
return true
def draw(self):
for cube in self.get_all_gridpos():
pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color,
(cube[1] * grid_width, cube[0] * grid_width,
grid_width, grid_width))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, white,
(cube[1] * grid_width, cube[0] * grid_width,
grid_width, grid_width),
1)
def draw_grids():
for i in range(grid_num_width):
pygame.draw.line(screen, line_color,
(i * grid_width, 0), (i * grid_width, height))
for i in range(grid_num_height):
pygame.draw.line(screen, line_color,
(0, i * grid_width), (width, i * grid_width))
pygame.draw.line(screen, white,
(grid_width * grid_num_width, 0),
(grid_width * grid_num_width, grid_width * grid_num_height))
def draw_matrix():
for i, row in zip(range(grid_num_height), screen_color_matrix):
for j, color in zip(range(grid_num_width), row):
if color is not none:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color,
(j * grid_width, i * grid_width,
grid_width, grid_width))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, white,
(j * grid_width, i * grid_width,
grid_width, grid_width), 2)
def draw_score():
show_text(screen, u'得分：{}'.format(score), 20, width + side_width // 2, 100)
def remove_full_line():
global screen_color_matrix
global score
global level
new_matrix = [[none] * grid_num_width for i in range(grid_num_height)]
index = grid_num_height - 1
n_full_line = 0
for i in range(grid_num_height - 1, -1, -1):
is_full = true
for j in range(grid_num_width):
if screen_color_matrix[i][j] is none:
is_full = false
continue
if not is_full:
new_matrix[index] = screen_color_matrix[i]
index -= 1
else:
n_full_line += 1
score += n_full_line
level = score // 20 + 1
screen_color_matrix = new_matrix
def show_welcome(screen):
show_text(screen, u'俄罗斯方块', 30, width / 2, height / 2)
show_text(screen, u'按任意键开始游戏', 20, width / 2, height / 2 + 50)
running = true
gameover = true
counter = 0
live_cube = none
while running:
clock.tick(fps)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.quit:
running = false
elif event.type == pygame.keydown:
if gameover:
gameover = false
live_cube = cubeshape()
break
if event.key == pygame.k_left:
live_cube.left()
elif event.key == pygame.k_right:
live_cube.right()
elif event.key == pygame.k_down:
live_cube.down()
elif event.key == pygame.k_up:
live_cube.rotate()
elif event.key == pygame.k_space:
while live_cube.down() == true:
pass
remove_full_line()
# level 是为了方便游戏的难度，level 越高 fps // level 的值越小
# 这样屏幕刷新的就越快，难度就越大
if gameover is false and counter % (fps // level) == 0:
# down 表示下移骨牌，返回false表示下移不成功，可能超过了屏幕或者和之前固定的
# 小方块冲突了
if live_cube.down() == false:
for cube in live_cube.get_all_gridpos():
screen_color_matrix[cube[0]][cube[1]] = live_cube.color
live_cube = cubeshape()
if live_cube.conflict(live_cube.center):
gameover = true
score = 0
live_cube = none
screen_color_matrix = [[none] * grid_num_width for i in range(grid_num_height)]
# 消除满行
remove_full_line()
counter += 1
# 更新屏幕
screen.fill(black)
draw_grids()
draw_matrix()
draw_score()
if live_cube is not none:
live_cube.draw()
if gameover:
show_welcome(screen)
pygame.display.update()
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