python实现记事本功能

本文实例为大家分享了python实现记事本功能的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

1. 案例介绍

tkinter 是 python下面向 tk 的图形界面接口库，可以方便地进行图形界面设计和交互操作编程。tkinter 的优点是简单易用、与 python 的结合度好。tkinter 在 python 3.x 下默认集成，不需要额外的安装操作；不足之处为缺少合适的可视化界面设计工具，需要通过代码来完成窗口设计和元素布局。本例采用的 python 版本为 3.8，如果想在 python 2.x下使用 tkinter，请先进行安装。需要注意的是，不同 python 版本下的 tkinter 使用方式可能略有不同，建议采用 python3.x 版本。本例难度为中级，适合具有 python 基础和 tkinter 组件编程知识的用户学习。

2. 示例效果

3. 示例源码

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
import os
 
filename = ""
 
 
def author():
    showinfo(title="作者", message="python")
 
 
def power():
    showinfo(title="版权信息", message="课堂练习")
 
 
def mynew():
    global top, filename, textpad
    top.title("未命名文件")
    filename = none
    textpad.delete(1.0, end)
 
 
def myopen():
    global filename
    filename = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt")
    if filename == "":
        filename = none
    else:
        top.title("记事本" + os.path.basename(filename))
        textpad.delete(1.0, end)
        f = open(filename, 'r')
        textpad.insert(1.0, f.read())
        f.close()
 
 
def mysave():
    global filename
    try:
        f = open(filename, 'w')
        msg = textpad.get(1.0, 'end')
        f.write(msg)
        f.close()
    except:
        mysaveas()
 
 
def mysaveas():
    global filename
    f = asksaveasfilename(initialfile="未命名.txt", defaultextension=".txt")
    filename = f
    fh = open(f, 'w')
    msg = textpad.get(1.0, end)
    fh.write(msg)
    fh.close()
    top.title("记事本 " + os.path.basename(f))
 
 
def cut():
    global textpad
    textpad.event_generate("<<cut>>")
 
 
def copy():
    global textpad
    textpad.event_generate("<<copy>>")
 
 
def paste():
    global textpad
    textpad.event_generate("<<paste>>")
 
 
def undo():
    global textpad
    textpad.event_generate("<<undo>>")
 
 
def redo():
    global textpad
    textpad.event_generate("<<redo>>")
 
 
def select_all():
    global textpad
    # textpad.event_generate("<<cut>>")
    textpad.tag_add("sel", "1.0", "end")
 
 
def find():
    t = toplevel(top)
    t.title("查找")
    t.geometry("260x60+200+250")
    t.transient(top)
    label(t, text="查找：").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="e")
    v = stringvar()
    e = entry(t, width=20, textvariable=v)
    e.grid(row=0, column=1, padx=2, pady=2, sticky="we")
    e.focus_set()
    c = intvar()
    checkbutton(t, text="不区分大小写", variable=c).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='e')
    button(t, text="查找所有", command=lambda: search(v.get(), c.get(),
                                                  textpad, t, e)).grid(row=0, column=2, sticky="e" + "w", padx=2,
                                                                       pady=2)
 
    def close_search():
        textpad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", end)
        t.destroy()
 
    t.protocol("wm_delete_window", close_search)
 
 
def mypopup(event):
    # global editmenu
    editmenu.tk_popup(event.x_root, event.y_root)
 
 
def search(needle, cssnstv, textpad, t, e):
    textpad.tag_remove("match", "1.0", end)
    count = 0
    if needle:
        pos = "1.0"
        while true:
            pos = textpad.search(needle, pos, nocase=cssnstv, stopindex=end)
            if not pos:
                break
            lastpos = pos + str(len(needle))
            textpad.tag_add("match", pos, lastpos)
            count += 1
            pos = lastpos
        textpad.tag_config('match', fg='yellow', bg="green")
        e.focus_set()
        t.title(str(count) + "个被匹配")
 
 
top = tk()
top.title("记事本")
top.geometry("600x400+100+50")
 
menubar = menu(top)
 
# 文件功能
filemenu = menu(top)
filemenu.add_command(label="新建", accelerator="ctrl+n", command=mynew)
filemenu.add_command(label="打开", accelerator="ctrl+o", command=myopen)
filemenu.add_command(label="保存", accelerator="ctrl+s", command=mysave)
filemenu.add_command(label="另存为", accelerator="ctrl+shift+s", command=mysaveas)
menubar.add_cascade(label="文件", menu=filemenu)
 
# 编辑功能
editmenu = menu(top)
editmenu.add_command(label="撤销", accelerator="ctrl+z", command=undo)
editmenu.add_command(label="重做", accelerator="ctrl+y", command=redo)
editmenu.add_separator()
editmenu.add_command(label="剪切", accelerator="ctrl+x", command=cut)
editmenu.add_command(label="复制", accelerator="ctrl+c", command=copy)
editmenu.add_command(label="粘贴", accelerator="ctrl+v", command=paste)
editmenu.add_separator()
editmenu.add_command(label="查找", accelerator="ctrl+f", command=find)
editmenu.add_command(label="全选", accelerator="ctrl+a", command=select_all)
menubar.add_cascade(label="编辑", menu=editmenu)
 
# 关于 功能
aboutmenu = menu(top)
aboutmenu.add_command(label="作者", command=author)
aboutmenu.add_command(label="版权", command=power)
menubar.add_cascade(label="关于", menu=aboutmenu)
 
top['menu'] = menubar
 
# shortcutbar = frame(top, height=25, bg='light sea green')
# shortcutbar.pack(expand=no, fill=x)
# inlabe = label(top, width=2, bg='antique white')
# inlabe.pack(side=left, anchor='nw', fill=y)
 
textpad = text(top, undo=true)
textpad.pack(expand=yes, fill=both)
scroll = scrollbar(textpad)
textpad.config(yscrollcommand=scroll.set)
scroll.config(command=textpad.yview)
scroll.pack(side=right, fill=y)
 
# 热键绑定
textpad.bind("<control-n>", mynew)
textpad.bind("<control-n>", mynew)
textpad.bind("<control-o>", myopen)
textpad.bind("<control-o>", myopen)
textpad.bind("<control-s>", mysave)
textpad.bind("<control-s>", mysave)
textpad.bind("<control-a>", select_all)
textpad.bind("<control-a>", select_all)
textpad.bind("<control-f>", find)
textpad.bind("<control-f>", find)
 
textpad.bind("<button-3>", mypopup)
top.mainloop()

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