Python中ini配置文件读写的实现

导入模块

import configparser # py3

写入

config = configparser.configparser()

config["default"] = {
    'serveraliveinterval': '45',
    'compression': 'yes',
    'compressionlevel': '9'
    }

config['bitbucket.org'] = {}
config['bitbucket.org']['user'] = 'hg'

config['topsecret.server.com'] = {}
topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
topsecret['host port'] = '50022'  # mutates the parser
topsecret['forwardx11'] = 'no'  # same here

config['default']['forwardx11'] = 'yes'

# 写入文件
with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
    config.write(configfile)

读取

config = configparser.configparser()
config.read("example.ini")

print(config.defaults())
# ordereddict([('compression', 'yes')])

print(config.sections())
# ['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']

print(config['bitbucket.org']['user'])
# hg

print(config.options("topsecret.server.com"))
# ['port', 'compression']

print(config.items("topsecret.server.com"))
# [('compression', 'yes'), ('port', '50022')]

print(config.get("topsecret.server.com", "port"))
# 50022

修改

print(config.has_section("name"))

# 删除
config.remove_section("name")

# 添加
config.add_section("name")
config["name"]["name"] = "tom"
config["name"]["asname"] = "jimi"

# 设置
config.remove_option("name", "asname")
config.set("name", "name", "jack")

# 保存
config.write(open("example.ini", "w"))

附：ini文件

[default]
serveraliveinterval = 45
compression = yes
compressionlevel = 9
forwardx11 = yes

[bitbucket.org]
user = hg

[topsecret.server.com]
host port = 50022
forwardx11 = no

help(configparser)

"""
classes

    class configparser(rawconfigparser)
     |  configparser implementing interpolation.
     |  
     |  add_section(self, section)
     |      create a new section in the configuration.  extends
     |      rawconfigparser.add_section by validating if the section name is
     |      a string.
     |  
     |  set(self, section, option, value=none)
     |      set an option.  extends rawconfigparser.set by validating type and
     |      interpolation syntax on the value.
     |  
     |  defaults(self)
     |  
     |  get(self, section, option, *, raw=false, vars=none, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002f42120>)
     |      get an option value for a given section.
     |  
     |  getboolean(self, section, option, *, raw=false, vars=none, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002f42120>)
     |  
     |  getfloat(self, section, option, *, raw=false, vars=none, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002f42120>)
     |  
     |  getint(self, section, option, *, raw=false, vars=none, fallback=<object object at 0x0000000002f42120>)
     |  
     |  has_option(self, section, option)
     |      check for the existence of a given option in a given section.
     |      if the specified `section' is none or an empty string, default is
     |      assumed. if the specified `section' does not exist, returns false.
     |  
     |  has_section(self, section)
     |      indicate whether the named section is present in the configuration.

     |  items(self, section=<object object at 0x0000000002f42120>, raw=false, vars=none)
     |      return a list of (name, value) tuples for each option in a section.
     |  
     |  options(self, section)
     |      return a list of option names for the given section name.
     |  popitem(self)
     |      remove a section from the parser and return it as
     |  read(self, filenames, encoding=none)
     |      read and parse a filename or a list of filenames.
     |      return list of successfully read files.
     |  
     |  read_dict(self, dictionary, source='<dict>')
     |      read configuration from a dictionary.
     |  
     |  read_file(self, f, source=none)
     |      like read() but the argument must be a file-like object.
     |      
     |  read_string(self, string, source='<string>')
     |      read configuration from a given string.
     |  
     |  readfp(self, fp, filename=none)
     |      deprecated, use read_file instead.
     |  
     |  remove_option(self, section, option)
     |      remove an option.
     |  
     |  remove_section(self, section)
     |      remove a file section.
     |  
     |  sections(self)
     |      return a list of section names, excluding [default]
     |  
     |  write(self, fp, space_around_delimiters=true)
     |      write an .ini-format representation of the configuration state.
     |  
     |  clear(self)
     |      d.clear() -> none.  remove all items from d.
     |  
     |  pop(self, key, default=<object object at 0x0000000002f42040>)
     |      d.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
     |      if key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise keyerror is raised.
     |  
     |  setdefault(self, key, default=none)
     |      d.setdefault(k[,d]) -> d.get(k,d), also set d[k]=d if k not in d
     |  
     |  update(*args, **kwds)
     |      d.update([e, ]**f) -> none.  update d from mapping/iterable e and f.
     |      if e present and has a .keys() method, does:     for k in e: d[k] = e[k]
     |      if e present and lacks .keys() method, does:     for (k, v) in e: d[k] = v
     |      in either case, this is followed by: for k, v in f.items(): d[k] = v
     |  
     |  keys(self)
     |      d.keys() -> a set-like object providing a view on d's keys
     |  
     |  values(self)
     |      d.values() -> an object providing a view on d's values
     |  
"""

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